Thùng

Thùng, ₂₉Cu
ngoi-kôn
	red-orange metallic luster; ; Native copper (~4 cm in size)
Kî-pún sin-sit
Miàng, fù-ho	Thùng, Cu
Yîn-ngî	copper
ngoi-hìn	red-orange metallic luster
Thùng chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
	nickel ← Thùng → Â-yèn
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú	29
ngièn-chṳ́-liòng (±)	63.546(3)
ngièn-su lui-phe̍t	ko-thu kîm-su̍k
Chhu̍k, fûn-khî	11 chhu̍k, d-block
chû-khì	period 4
thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t	[Ar] 3d10 4s1
per shell	2, 8, 18, 1
vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt
Siông	ku-thí
yùng-tiám	1357.77 K (1084.62 °C, 1984.32 °F)
pui-tiám	2835 K (2562 °C, 4643 °F)
Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn	8.96 g·cm−3
	8.02 g·cm−3
Yùng-fa-ngie̍t	13.26 kJ·mol−1
Chîn-fat-ngie̍t	300.4 kJ·mol−1
Ngie̍t-yùng-liong	24.440 J·mol−1·K−1
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt
Yông-fa-su	−2, +1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
Thien-fu-sin	Pauling scale: 1.90
Thien-lì-nèn	1st: 745.5 kJ·mol−1 ; 2nd: 1957.9 kJ·mol−1 ; 3rd: 3555 kJ·mol−1 ; (more)
Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang	empirical: 128 pm
Khiung-ka pan-kang	132±4 pm
Van der Waals pan-kang	140 pm

Liá-piên "Thùng" ke ya̍p-mien he pha̍k-fa-sṳ, yû hon-sṳ lièn-kiet"銅" ke ya̍p-mien chhai liá-hong tiám-chhut.

Thùng he fùng-thùng kâ-ngi̍p siak fe̍t-tsá yèn ke ha̍p-kîm. Yîn-vi péu-mien tshiâng-fôi, pûn-ngìn tshṳ̂n-tso tshiâng-thùng. Thùng khiòng-thu kô-kip, yùng-tiám lài-lài, yì-yèn Fa-ho̍k sin-tsṳt vún-thin.

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Mg