Thorium (Hon-ngî : 釷 tǔ ) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su , fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì Th , ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he 90 .
Thorium, 90 Th ngoi-kôn
silvery, often with black tarnish Kî-pún sin-sit Miàng, fù-ho
Thorium, Th ngoi-hìn
silvery, often with black tarnish Thorium chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú
90 ngièn-chṳ́-liòng (±)
232.0377(4)[ 1] ngièn-su lui-phe̍t
actinium-hi Chhu̍k , fûn-khî
n/a , f-block chû-khì
period 7 thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t
[Rn ] 6d2 7s2 per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 10, 2 vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt Siông
ku-thí yùng-tiám
2023 K (1750 °C, 3182 °F) pui-tiám
5061 K (4788 °C, 8650 °F) Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn
11.724 g·cm−3 Yùng-fa-ngie̍t
13.81 kJ·mol−1 Chîn-fat-ngie̍t
514 kJ·mol−1 Ngie̍t-yùng-liong
26.230 J·mol−1 ·K−1
chîn-hi-ap
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
chhai T (K)
2633
2907
3248
3683
4259
5055
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt Yông-fa-su
4 , 3, 2, 1 Thien-fu-sin
Pauling scale: 1.3 Thien-lì-nèn
1st: 587 kJ·mol−1 2nd: 1110 kJ·mol−1 3rd: 1930 kJ·mol−1 Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang
empirical: 179.8 pm Khiung-ka pan-kang
206±6 pm Miscellanea Chîn-thí keu-chho
face-centered cubic (fcc) Sâng-suk thin rod
2490 m·s−1 (at 20 °C) Ngie̍t-phàng-chong
11.0 µm·m−1 ·K−1 (at 25 °C) Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t
54.0 W·m−1 ·K−1 Thien-chú-li̍t
157 nΩ·m (at 0 °C) Chhṳ̀-sin
paramagnetic [ 2] Young's modulus
79 GPa Shear modulus
31 GPa Bulk modulus
54 GPa Poisson ratio
0.27 Mohs hardness
3.0 Vickers hardness
295–685 MPa Brinell hardness
390–1500 MPa CAS Registry Number
7440-29-1 Le̍k-sú Hí-miàng
after Thor , the Norse god of thunder Fat-hien
Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1829) Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su
Chú vùn-chông: Thorium ke thùng-vi-su
iso
NA
half-life
DM
DE (MeV )
DP
227 Th
trace
18.68 d
α
6.038 5.978
223 Ra
228 Th
trace
1.9116 y
α
5.520
224 Ra
229 Th
trace
7917 y
α
5.168
225 Ra
230 Th
trace
75400 y
α
4.770
226 Ra
231 Th
trace
25.5 h
β−
0.39
231 Pa
232 Th
100%
1.405×1010 y
α
4.083
228 Ra
234 Th
trace
24.1 d
β−
0.27
234 Pa