Ruthenium (Hon-ngî: liǎo) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su, fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì Ru, ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he 44.

Ruthenium,  44Ru
ngoi-kôn
silvery white metallic
Kî-pún sin-sit
Miàng, fù-ho Ruthenium, Ru
ngoi-hìn silvery white metallic
Ruthenium chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
Khiâng (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Hoi (hî-yù hi-thí)
Lithium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Beryllium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Phìn (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Than (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Tham (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Yông (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Fuk (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Nái (hî-yù hi-thí)
Na̍p (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Magnesium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Lî (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Si̍t (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Lìn (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Liù-vòng (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Liu̍k (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Argon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Kap (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Koi (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Scandium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Titanium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Vanadium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Chromium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Manganese (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thiet (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Cobalt (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Nickel (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thùng (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Â-yèn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Gallium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Germanium (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Phî (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Selenium (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Chhiu (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Krypton (hî-yù hi-thí)
Rubidium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Strontium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Yttrium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Zirconium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Niobium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Molybdenum (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Technetium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Ruthenium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Rhodium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Palladium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Ngiùn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Cadmium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Indium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Siak (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Antimony (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Tellurium (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Tién (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Xenon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Caesium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Barium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Lanthanum (lanthanum-hi)
Cerium (lanthanum-hi)
Praseodymium (lanthanum-hi)
Neodymium (lanthanum-hi)
Promethium (lanthanum-hi)
Samarium (lanthanum-hi)
Europium (lanthanum-hi)
Gadolinium (lanthanum-hi)
Terbium (lanthanum-hi)
Dysprosium (lanthanum-hi)
Holmium (lanthanum-hi)
Erbium (lanthanum-hi)
Thulium (lanthanum-hi)
Ytterbium (lanthanum-hi)
Lutetium (lanthanum-hi)
Hafnium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Tantalum (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Tungsten (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Rhenium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Osmium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Iridium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Pha̍k-kîm (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Kîm (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Súi-ngiùn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thallium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Yèn (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Bismuth (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Polonium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Astatine (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Radon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Francium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Radium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Actinium (actinium-hi)
Thorium (actinium-hi)
Protactinium (actinium-hi)
Uranium (actinium-hi)
Neptunium (actinium-hi)
Plutonium (actinium-hi)
Americium (actinium-hi)
Curium (actinium-hi)
Berkelium (actinium-hi)
Californium (actinium-hi)
Einsteinium (actinium-hi)
Fermium (actinium-hi)
Mendelevium (actinium-hi)
Nobelium (actinium-hi)
Lawrencium (actinium-hi)
Rutherfordium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Dubnium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Seaborgium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Bohrium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Hassium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
Fe

Ru

Os
technetiumRutheniumrhodium
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú 44
ngièn-chṳ́-liòng (±) 101.07(2)[1]
ngièn-su lui-phe̍t   ko-thu kîm-su̍k
Chhu̍k, fûn-khî 8 chhu̍k, d-block
chû-khì period 5
thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t [Kr] 4d7 5s1
per shell 2, 8, 18, 15, 1
vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt
yùng-tiám 2607 K ​(2334 °C, ​4233 °F)
pui-tiám 4423 K ​(4150 °C, ​7502 °F)
Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn 12.45 g·cm−3
10.65 g·cm−3
Yùng-fa-ngie̍t 38.59 kJ·mol−1
Chîn-fat-ngie̍t 619 kJ·mol−1
Ngie̍t-yùng-liong 24.06 J·mol−1·K−1
chîn-hi-ap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
chhai T (K) 2588 2811 3087 3424 3845 4388
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt
Yông-fa-su -4, -2, 1,[2] 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ​(a mildly acidic oxide)
Thien-fu-sin Pauling scale: 2.2
Thien-lì-nèn 1st: 710.2 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1620 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 2747 kJ·mol−1
Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang empirical: 134 pm
Khiung-ka pan-kang 146±7 pm
Miscellanea
Chîn-thí keu-chhohexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for Ruthenium
Sâng-suk thin rod 5970 m·s−1 (at 20 °C)
Ngie̍t-phàng-chong 6.4 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C)
Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t 117 W·m−1·K−1
Thien-chú-li̍t 71 nΩ·m (at 0 °C)
Chhṳ̀-sin paramagnetic[3]
Young's modulus 447 GPa
Shear modulus 173 GPa
Bulk modulus 220 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.30
Mohs hardness 6.5
Brinell hardness 2160 MPa
CAS Registry Number 7440-18-8
Le̍k-sú
Hí-miàng after Ruthenia (Latin for: medieval Kyivska Rus' region)
Hoat-kiàn kap siōng chá ê tông-ūi-sò͘ Karl Ernst Claus (1844)
Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su
Chú vùn-chông: Ruthenium ke thùng-vi-su
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
96Ru 5.52% >6.7×1016 y (β+β+) 2.7188 96Mo
97Ru syn 2.9 d ε 97Tc
γ 0.215, 0.324
98Ru 1.88% (SF) <11.690
99Ru 12.7% (SF) <12.368
100Ru 12.6% (SF) <13.634
101Ru 17.0% (SF) <13.205
102Ru 31.6% (SF) <12.049
103Ru syn 39.26 d β 0.226 103Rh
γ 0.497
104Ru 18.7% (ββ) 1.2997 104Pd
106Ru syn 373.59 d β 0.039 106Rh
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed

Chhâm-kháu chṳ̂-liau

phiên-siá
  1. Standard Atomic Weights 2013. Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
  2. "Ruthenium: ruthenium(I) fluoride compound data". OpenMOPAC.net. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. 2007-12-10 chhà-khon. 
  3. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.