Bismuth

(Chhùng-thin-hiong chhṳ Bis­muth)

Bismuth (Hon-ngî: ) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su, fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì Bi, ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he 83.

Bismuth,  83Bi
ngoi-kôn
lustrous silver
Kî-pún sin-sit
Miàng, fù-ho Bismuth, Bi
ngoi-hìn lustrous silver
Bismuth chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
Khiâng (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Hoi (hî-yù hi-thí)
Lithium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Beryllium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Phìn (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Than (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Tham (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Yông (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Fuk (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Nái (hî-yù hi-thí)
Na̍p (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Magnesium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Lî (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Si̍t (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Lìn (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Liù-vòng (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Liu̍k (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Argon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Kap (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Koi (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Scandium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Titanium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Vanadium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Chromium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Manganese (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thiet (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Cobalt (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Nickel (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thùng (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Â-yèn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Gallium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Germanium (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Phî (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Selenium (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Chhiu (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Krypton (hî-yù hi-thí)
Rubidium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Strontium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Yttrium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Zirconium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Niobium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Molybdenum (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Technetium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Ruthenium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Rhodium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Palladium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Ngiùn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Cadmium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Indium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Siak (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Antimony (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Tellurium (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Tién (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Xenon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Caesium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Barium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Lanthanum (lanthanum-hi)
Cerium (lanthanum-hi)
Praseodymium (lanthanum-hi)
Neodymium (lanthanum-hi)
Promethium (lanthanum-hi)
Samarium (lanthanum-hi)
Europium (lanthanum-hi)
Gadolinium (lanthanum-hi)
Terbium (lanthanum-hi)
Dysprosium (lanthanum-hi)
Holmium (lanthanum-hi)
Erbium (lanthanum-hi)
Thulium (lanthanum-hi)
Ytterbium (lanthanum-hi)
Lutetium (lanthanum-hi)
Hafnium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Tantalum (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Tungsten (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Rhenium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Osmium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Iridium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Pha̍k-kîm (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Kîm (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Súi-ngiùn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thallium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Yèn (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Bismuth (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Polonium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Astatine (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Radon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Francium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Radium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Actinium (actinium-hi)
Thorium (actinium-hi)
Protactinium (actinium-hi)
Uranium (actinium-hi)
Neptunium (actinium-hi)
Plutonium (actinium-hi)
Americium (actinium-hi)
Curium (actinium-hi)
Berkelium (actinium-hi)
Californium (actinium-hi)
Einsteinium (actinium-hi)
Fermium (actinium-hi)
Mendelevium (actinium-hi)
Nobelium (actinium-hi)
Lawrencium (actinium-hi)
Rutherfordium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Dubnium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Seaborgium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Bohrium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Hassium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
Sb

Bi

Mc
yènBismuthpolonium
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú 83
ngièn-chṳ́-liòng (±) 208.98040(1)[1]
ngièn-su lui-phe̍t   heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k
Chhu̍k, fûn-khî 15 chhu̍k, p-block
chû-khì period 6
thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt
Siông ku-thí
yùng-tiám 544.7 K ​(271.5 °C, ​520.7 °F)
pui-tiám 1837 K ​(1564 °C, ​2847 °F)
Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn 9.78 g·cm−3
10.05 g·cm−3
Yùng-fa-ngie̍t 11.30 kJ·mol−1
Chîn-fat-ngie̍t 179 kJ·mol−1
Ngie̍t-yùng-liong 25.52 J·mol−1·K−1
chîn-hi-ap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
chhai T (K) 941 1041 1165 1325 1538 1835
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt
Yông-fa-su 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −3 ​(a mildly acidic oxide)
Thien-fu-sin Pauling scale: 2.02
Thien-lì-nèn 1st: 703 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1610 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 2466 kJ·mol−1
(more)
Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang empirical: 156 pm
Khiung-ka pan-kang 148±4 pm
Van der Waals pan-kang 207 pm
Miscellanea
Chîn-thí keu-chhorhombohedral[2]
Rhombohedral crystal structure for Bismuth
Sâng-suk thin rod 1790 m·s−1 (at 20 °C)
Ngie̍t-phàng-chong 13.4 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C)
Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t 7.97 W·m−1·K−1
Thien-chú-li̍t 1.29 µΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Chhṳ̀-sin diamagnetic
Young's modulus 32 GPa
Shear modulus 12 GPa
Bulk modulus 31 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.33
Mohs hardness 2.25
Brinell hardness 70–95 MPa
CAS Registry Number 7440-69-9
Le̍k-sú
Fat-hien Claude François Geoffroy (1753)
Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su
Chú vùn-chông: Bismuth ke thùng-vi-su
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
207Bi syn 31.55 y β+ 2.399 207Pb
208Bi syn 3.68×105 y β+ 2.880 208Pb
209Bi 100% 1.9×1019 y α 3.137 205Tl
210Bi trace 5.012 d β 1.426 210Po
α 5.982 206Tl
210mBi syn 3.04×106 y IT 0.271 210Bi
α 6.253 206Tl

Chhâm-kháu chṳ̂-liau phiên-siá

  1. Standard Atomic Weights 2013. Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
  2. Cucka, P.; Barrett, C. S. (1962). "The crystal structure of Bi and of solid solutions of Pb, Sn, Sb and Te in Bi". Acta Crystallographica 15 (9): 865. doi:10.1107/S0365110X62002297.