"Flerovium" siû-thin kiên ke chhâ-phe̍t

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無編輯摘要
無編輯摘要
Thi 1 hàng:
{{Infobox element
|number=114
|symbol=Fl
|name=flerovium
|left=[[Nihonium]]
|right=[[Moscovium]]
|above=[[Yèn|Pb]]
|below=(Uho)
|series=heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k
|series color=
|series comment=
|group=14
|period=7
|block=p
|atomic mass=[289]
|electron configuration=&#91;[[radon|Rn]]&#93; 5f<sup>14</sup> 6d<sup>10</sup> 7s<sup>2</sup> 7p<sup>2</sup>
|electron configuration comment=''(predicted)<ref name=Haire/>''
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 4
|electrons per shell comment=''(predicted)''
|phase=ku-thí
|phase comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=Haire/>
|density gpcm3nrt=14
|density gpcm3nrt comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=BFricke>{{cite journal |last1=Fricke |first1=Burkhard |year=1975 |title=Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties |journal=Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry |volume=21 |pages=89–144 |doi=10.1007/BFb0116498 |url=http://www.researchgate.net/publication/225672062_Superheavy_elements_a_prediction_of_their_chemical_and_physical_properties |accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref>
|melting point K=340
|melting point C=67
|melting point F=160
|melting point comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=BFricke/>
|boiling point K=420
|boiling point C=147
|boiling point F=297
|boiling point comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=BFricke/><ref name="B&K">{{cite journal
|last1=Bonchev |first1=Danail |last2=Kamenska |first2=Verginia |year=1981 |title=Predicting the Properties of the 113–120 Transactinide Elements |journal=Journal of Physical Chemistry |volume=85 |issue=9 |pages=1177–1186 |publisher=American Chemical Society |doi=10.1021/j150609a021 |url=http://www.researchgate.net/publication/239657207_Predicting_the_properties_of_the_113_to_120_transactinide_elements }}</ref><ref name=EB>
{{cite web
|last=Seaborg |first=G. T.
|title=Transuranium element
|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/603220/transuranium-element
|publisher=[[Encyclop&aelig;dia Britannica]]
|accessdate=2010-03-16
}}</ref>
|crystal structure=
|heat vaporization=38
|heat vaporization comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=BFricke/>
|oxidation states=0, 1, '''2''', 4, 6
|oxidation states comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss|editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger|editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman|first1=Darleane C. |last2=Lee |first2=Diana M. |last3=Pershina |first3=Valeria |chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher= [[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=1-4020-3555-1| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref><ref name=BFricke/><ref name=Schwerdtfeger>{{cite journal |last=Schwerdtfeger |first=Peter |last2=Seth |first2=Michael |date=2002 |title=Relativistic Quantum Chemistry of the Superheavy Elements. Closed-Shell Element 114 as a Case Study. |url=http://www.radiochem.org/paper/JN31/30.pdf |journal=Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=133–136 |accessdate=12 September 2014}}</ref>
|atomic radius=180
|atomic radius comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=Haire/><ref name=BFricke/>
|covalent radius=171–177
|covalent radius comment=''(extrapolated)''<ref name="B&K"/>
|number of ionization energies=5
|ionization energy 1=823.9
|ionization energy 1 comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=Haire/>
|ionization energy 2=1601.6
|ionization energy 2 comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=BFricke/>
|ionization energy 3=3367.3
|ionization energy 3 comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=BFricke/>
|CAS number=54085-16-4
|isotopes=
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=289 | sym=Fl| na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=2.6&nbsp;s | dm= [[alpha decay|α]] | de=9.82,9.48 | link1=copernicium-285 | pn=285 | ps=Cn}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=289m | sym=Fl ? | na=syn | hl=2–23&nbsp;s| dm= α | de=9.71 | pn=285m | ps=Cn ?}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=288 | sym=Fl | na=syn | hl=0.8&nbsp;s| dm=α| de=9.94 | link1=copernicium-284 | pn=284 | ps=Cn}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=287 | sym=Fl | na=syn | hl=0.48&nbsp;s | dm=α | de=10.02 | link1=copernicium-283 | pn=283 | ps=Cn}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=287m | sym=Fl ? | na=syn | hl=5.5&nbsp;s | dm=α | de=10.29 | pn=283m | ps=Cn ?}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=286 | sym=Fl | na=syn | hl=0.13&nbsp;s | dm1=40% α| de1=10.19 | link1=copernicium-282 | pn1=282 | ps1=Cn |dm2=60% [[spontaneous fission|SF]]| de2= | pn2= | ps2=}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=285 | sym=Fl<ref name=Utyonkov/><ref name=284Fl/> | na=syn | hl=125&nbsp;ms | dm=α | de=10.41(5) | link1=copernicium-281 | pn=281 | ps=Cn}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=284 | sym=Fl<ref name=Utyonkov>http://cyclotron.tamu.edu/she2015/assets/pdfs/presentations/Utyonkov_SHE_2015_TAMU.pdf</ref><ref name=284Fl>{{cite journal|first1=V. K. |last1=Utyonkov|first2=N. T. |last2=Brewer|first3=Yu. Ts. |last3=Oganessian|first4=K. P. |last4=Rykaczewski|first5=F. Sh. |last5=Abdullin|first6=S. N. |last6=Dmitriev|first7=R. K. |last7=Grzywacz|first8=M. G. |last8=Itkis|first9=K. |last9=Miernik|first10=A. N. |last10=Polyakov|first11=J. B. |last11=Roberto|first12=R. N. |last12=Sagaidak|first13=I. V. |last13=Shirokovsky|first14=M. V. |last14=Shumeiko|first15=Yu. S. |last15=Tsyganov|first16=A. A. |last16=Voinov|first17=V. G. |last17=Subbotin|first18=A. M. |last18=Sukhov|first19=A. V. |last19=Sabel'nikov|first20=G. K. |last20=Vostokin|first21=J. H. |last21=Hamilton|first22=M. A. |last22=Stoyer|first23=S. Y. |last23=Strauss |date=15 September 2015 |title=Experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei <sup>284</sup>Fl and <sup>285</sup>Fl in the <sup>239,240</sup>Pu + <sup>48</sup>Ca reactions |journal=Physical Review C |volume=92 |issue=3 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.92.034609}}</ref> | na=syn | hl={{nowrap|2.5{{su|p=+1.8|b=−0.8}}&nbsp;ms}} | dm=SF | de= | pn= | ps=}}
|isotopes comment=
|naming=after [[Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions]] (itself named after [[Georgy Flyorov]])<ref name="IUPAC-names-114-116">{{cite press
| date=30 May 2012
| title=Element 114 is Named Flerovium and Element 116 is Named Livermorium
| url=http://www.iupac.org/news/news-detail/article/element-114-is-named-flerovium-and-element-116-is-named-livermorium.html
| publisher=[[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry|IUPAC]]
}}</ref>
|discovered by=[[Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]] and [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]]
|discovery date=1999
}}
'''Flerovium''' he yit-chúng [[fa-ho̍k ngièn-su]], fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì '''Fl''', ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he '''114'''.