"Argon" siû-thin kiên ke chhâ-phe̍t
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無編輯摘要 |
無編輯摘要 |
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Thi 1 hàng:
{{Infobox element
|name=argon
|number=18
|symbol=Ar
|left=[[Liu̍k]]
|right=[[Kap]]
|above=[[Nái|Ne]]
|below=[[krypton|Kr]]
|series=hî-yù hi-thí
|series comment=
|group=18
|period=3
|block=p
|series color=
|appearance=colorless gas exhibiting a lilac/violet glow when placed in a high voltage electric field
|image name=Argon discharge tube.jpg
|image size=
|image alt=Vial containing a violet glowing gas
|image name 2=Argon Spectrum.png
|image name 2 comment=Spectral lines of argon
|atomic mass=39.948
|atomic mass ref=<ref name="IUPAC">[http://www.ciaaw.org/atomic-weights.htm Standard Atomic Weights 2013]. [[Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights]]</ref>
|atomic mass 2=1
|atomic mass comment=
|electron configuration=[[[neon|Ne]]] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>6</sup>
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 8
|color=
|phase=hi-thí
|density gplstp=1.784
|density gpcm3nrt=
|density gpcm3nrt 2=
|density gpcm3mp=
|density gpcm3bp=1.3954
|melting point K=83.81
|melting point C=−189.34
|melting point F=−308.81
|boiling point K=87.302
|boiling point C=−185.848
|boiling point F=−302.526
|triple point K=83.8058
|triple point kPa=68.89
|triple point ref=<ref name=b92/>
|critical point K=150.687
|critical point MPa=4.863
|critical point ref=<ref name=b92>{{RubberBible92nd|page=4.121}}</ref>
|heat fusion=1.18
|heat fusion 2=
|heat vaporization=6.53
|heat capacity=20.85<ref>Shuen-Chen Hwang, Robert D. Lein, Daniel A. Morgan (2005). "Noble Gases". Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Wiley. pp. 343–383. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0701190508230114.a01.</ref>
|vapor pressure 1=
|vapor pressure 10=47
|vapor pressure 100=53
|vapor pressure 1 k=61
|vapor pressure 10 k=71
|vapor pressure 100 k=87
|vapor pressure comment=
|crystal structure=face-centered cubic
| oxidation states='''0'''
|oxidation states comment=
|electronegativity=no data
|number of ionization energies=4
|ionization energy 1=1520.6
|ionization energy 2=2665.8
|ionization energy 3=3931
|atomic radius=
|atomic radius calculated=
|covalent radius=106±10
|Van der Waals radius=188
|magnetic ordering=[[diamagnetic]]
|magnetic ordering ref=<ref>[http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds], in {{RubberBible86th}}</ref>
|electrical resistivity=
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 20=
|thermal conductivity=17.72{{e|-3}}</sup>
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion at 25=
|speed of sound=323
|speed of sound comment=(gas, at 27 °C)
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
|Young's modulus=
|Shear modulus=
|Bulk modulus=
|Poisson ratio=
|Mohs hardness=
|Vickers hardness=
|Brinell hardness=
|CAS number=7440-37-1
|isotopes=
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=36 | sym=Ar
| na=0.337% | hl=–
| dm= ([[double beta decay|β<sup>+</sup>β<sup>+</sup>]]) | de=0.4335 | link1=sulfur-36 | pn=36 | ps=S}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=37 | sym=Ar
| na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=35 d
| dm=[[electron capture|ε]] | de=0.813 | link1=chlorine-37 | pn=37 | ps=Cl}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=38 | sym=Ar | na=0.063% | n=20 |firstlinks=yes}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=39 | sym=Ar
| na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]] | hl=[[1 E9 s|269 y]]
| dm=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=0.565 |link1=potassium-39 | pn=39 | ps=K}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=40 | sym=Ar | na=99.600% | n=22 |firstlinks=no}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=41 | sym=Ar
| na=syn | hl=109.34 min
| dm=β<sup>−</sup> | de=2.49 | link1=potassium-41 | pn=41 | ps=K}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=42 | sym=Ar
| na=syn | hl=32.9 y
| dm=β<sup>−</sup> | de=0.600 | link1=potassium-42 | pn=42 | ps=K}}
|isotopes comment=Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed
|discovery and first isolation by=[[Lord Rayleigh]] and [[William Ramsay]]
|discovery date=1894
}}
'''Argon''' he yit-chúng [[fa-ho̍k]] [[ngièn-su]], fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì '''Ar''', ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he '''18''', chhai [[ngièn-su chû-khì-péu]] lî-tú phài thi 18 vi.
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